Planning For My Academic Success - 1260 Words

Planning for My Academic Success Jennifer Barr GEN/201 Facilitator Barry West September 19, 2014 Establishing and maintaining a strict schedule where I can nurture my academic needs is essential to the successful completion of my chosen degree in Information Technology. Creating a workable, yet demanding schedule is essential because every day I am faced with circumstances that could potentially interrupt my education indefinitely if I allow them to. Being almost six months pregnant puts a lot of strain on me as a student. There are days I feel completely exhausted and as if my mind has been wiped clean. Reminding myself that I have to fill the timeslots I assigned each day for school work keeps me focused. By the end of the week I’ve met my own short-term goal which consequently, fulfills my long-term goals as well. It is crucial to set and acknowledge goals to progress from course to course without feeling overwhelmed and discouraged. Setting goals is productive for me because it defines the responsibilities at hand. As I move through, conquering small goal after small goal, the larger goals previously established will be met and a sense of accomplishment will be enjoyed. Throughout this course a primary focus has been familiarizing myself with individual learning styles. After completing the Ethical Lens Inventory I discovered my preferred style was the Results Lens. Specifically this means that to obtain desired results I tend toShow MoreRelatedPersonal Responsibility and College Success Essay example1018 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Responsibility and College Success Desiree Rinker GEN/200 Professor Norma Nitkowski June 30, 2012 Personal Responsibility and College Success Even though personal responsibility varies from person to person,Read MoreAcademic Success : Career Goals1088 Words   |  5 PagesAcademic Success Educational success is important if you want to reach the goals for a successful career in life. 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Questions On Teaching Of Jesus Essay - 957 Words

Please address each question below with complete sentences and clear, specific explanation. The total word count (including all questions and your answers) should be between 750-1,250 words. 1. Select one teaching of Jesus from one of the following Bible verses (underline passage): Matthew 5:21-24, Matthew 5:43-48, Matthew 6:19-24, Matthew 7:15-23, Luke 15:1-32, John 13:1-17, 34-35, John 15:1-11. Answer the following questions: a. What was Jesus’ point in the teaching? Jesus deeply loved his disciples. They were his closest friends and he spent a great deal of time with them. This act of washing feet was symbolic. It was an act of love. Jesus deeply loved his disciples. They were his closest friends and he spent a great deal of time with them. He loved them now and until the end (John 13:1, NIV). He knew what lay ahead (John 13:1). It was Jesus’ way of underscoring an important message of his ministry on earth, which was to love and serve others. 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He used the basis of Gods teachings that God demonstrated through Adam, Abraham and David. There were approximately 4000 years between the start of man up to the time of Christs birth. Then for the last 2000Read MoreJesus There Is An Important Quote That Summarizes The Complete Chapter And What929 Words   |  4 Pages The question focused on in Chapter four titled â€Å"Jesus† there is an important quote that summarizes the complete chapter and what is the identity of Jesus. â€Å"If Christ was only man, then He is entirely irrelevant to any thought about God; if He is only God, then He is entirely irrelevant to any experience of human life† (75). This explains that God is a different figure than Christ but they are the same person. The study of Jesus is called Christology and there are many names in the bible that JesusRead MoreThe Christian Worldview Is The Most Radical And Counter Culture Belief955 Words   |  4 Pagesteach Jesus Christ. 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Don Quixote Essay Research Paper DON QUIXOTEThe free essay sample

Don Quixote Essay, Research Paper DON QUIXOTE The novel opens by briefly depicting Don Quixote and his captivation with knightly narratives. With his marbless gone, Don Quixote decides to go a knight and ream the state side compensating incorrect and delivering demoiselles in hurt. He outfits himself in some old armour and professes his love and service to Aldonsa Lorenzo whom he refers to as Dulcinea Del Toboso. After a long hot drive on his Equus caballus he comes upon an hostel which he thinks is a palace and the host whom he believes to be the male monarch. That flushing Don begs the host to dub him and the host agrees to make so as self amusement. He tells Don that he must return to his small town for money, clean shirts and other commissariats. Don agrees but before he is knighted, he beats up two bearers who were trying H2O their mules at the trough where Don has stowed his armour. This was such a disturbance at the hostel, that the deeper rapidly slaps Don on the cervix and he is knighted and sent back to his small town. On the manner back he encounters two escapades ; a husbandman floging his retainer and the other six merchandisers, from Toledo who refuse to hold that Dulcinea is the fairest maiden in the universe. Don so attacks them and serves a whipping for his problems. A peasant passing by recognizes Quixote and loads him across his donkey. They head back to their small town as Don wildly describes his bad lucks. Don Quixote returns to his small town where his met by his niece and housekeeper. While he is kiping, his knightly love affair books are burned and the room is sealed off by good knowing friends and household. They believe that Don s bunk is caused by the Satan s work. Throughout the remainder of the book, Friston is blamed for all the misconceptions. Don Quixote will see. A knight-errant must hold a squire, so he convinces his neighbour, Sanc ho Panza, to attach to him by assuring to suppress an island and do him the governor. So after converting him, they head out and come upon 30 or 40 windmills which Don thinks are the Giants. Sancho is unable to convert him otherwise and quixote onslaughts them, sing a bad autumn. He blames Friston for turning them into windmills. Continuing along the main road, Don Quixote frightens a twosome of priests and so looses portion of his ear in a battle when he attempts to deliver a lady from a stagecoach. Don tells Sancho that he has a particular formula for a charming balsam that will immediately repair broken castanetss and other hurts and Sancho believes him. They pass a group of goat herders which have no thought what Quixote negotiations about and go to a funeral of a goatherder who died of unanswered love. Sancho and Don are resting by a creek and nearby is a herd of Galacian penies. Rocinante tries to copulate and the Yanguesans see their Equus caballuss being attacked and all in Rocinante off. The knight and his squire see this and instantly onslaught. They are beaten severely and gimp off, when they come across an Inn ( palace ) . When twenty-four hours comes, Don makes up some charming balsam. Taking a dosage, he vomits, falls asleep and wakes up experiencing better. Sancho takes a larger dosage and about dies. They eventually leave and continue their journey, as Don comes across a herd of sheep which he thinks are consuming ground forcess. He charges the sheep, killing seven of them before he is stoned and hurt severely by the shephards. Again Friston is blamed for turning the ground forces into sheep. That dark a group of appareled figures approach with torches and Don knocks one of them off his mule. It was a priest with a funeral emanation. The priest takes off and leaves the c adaver on the mule with commissariats which Sancho thirstily takes. During that dark they are frightened by a loud noise. In the forenoon they learn that is was harmless and Sancho begins express joying. Quixote is non amuse and slaps Sancho and he rapidly shuts up. It starts to rain and Don sees a adult male with a helmet coming down the route. Thinking he is a rival knight, he attacks. He really attacks the local Barber who has put a basin on his caput due to the rain. Quixote takes the basin as his ain and wears it proudly. Farther down the route he meets a file of chained felons on their manner to the male monarch s galleys. The guards allow him to spead with the felons who convince him they are guiltless. He urges the guards to let go of them, but they refuse. He all of a sudden overpowers one of the guards and the captives finish the occupation. Before they leave Quixote asks them to travel to Toboso and present themselves to Dulcinea. They turn on him with stones and sticks, go forthing Quixote and Sancho severely beaten. Sancho is worried that the Brotherhood Crusade constabularies will be after them for liberating the galley slaves, so they go into the mountains of Sierra Morena. There they meet Cardenio who tells them how his groom-to-be, Lucinda, was stolen from him by Don Fernando. Before the narrative was finished, Cardenio flees go forthing Quixote funny to hear the remainder. The following portion of the fresh trades chiefly with the attempts of the minister of religion and Barber to acquire Don Quixote to return place. They pursuade Sancho to take them to Don, without stating them of their purposes. The minister of religion and barber camouflage themselves and one time in the mountains come across Cardenio who finishes his narrative of unanswered love. On the manner, they meet Dorothea, the girl of a affluent husbandman. She had been courted by Don Fernando, but before he kept his pledge to get married her, he fell in love with Lucinda and left. She is in hunt for Don Quixote and in exchange for her pretense to be a demoiselle in hurt for Don, he will assist happen them. They find Don and convince him to travel back to the Inn, where they witness a marionette show. Don takes this show literally and smashes the marionettes on phase to spots. After Don destroys a room full of vino teguments during a incubus, the landlord demands damages. A party of cloaked people ride up to the Inn. The leader is Don Fernando, who Dorothea recognizes and persuades him to return Lucinda to Cardenio. After a long treatment, the right adult male and adult female are paired off, Cardenio and Fernando reconcile their differences. A cannon does his best to pursuade Don to abandon his knight-errant ways. While out of his coop for tiffin, Don confirms his lunacy by assailing a spiritual emanation. He is knocked off Rocinante by a provincial and ends up in his coop once more, sadder but non wiser. They arrive at the small town and Sancho and his married woman are reunited, she is more concerned with the buttocks, than Sancho. Quixote is attended to by his niece and housekeeper who take him place. For the 3rd and last clip Quixote sets out where he purportedly has his most glorious and concluding conflict. Detailss of his decease are sketchy but his narrative is passed on in Castilean poetry which is detailed in his many accomplishments. The baronial Rocinante is described along with the devoted Sancho Panza. Remarks: Don Quixote is one of the best novels I ve read in a long clip. I think all of us are familiar with Don Quixote assailing the windmills, but few of us have really read the whole narrative. For some ground, I had no thought of how humourous this narrative really was. I laughed out loud at state of affairss that he got himself into. I peculiarly enjoyed when his good intending household, sealed off his reading room. Poor Quixote, seeking in vain for his darling books. Sancho was ever good for a laugh, particularly when he would anger the so called knight-errant and acquire whacked in the caput. The narrative was easy to visualise, as I could merely visualize Don Quixote on Rocinante and Sancho following near behind on his mule. An outstanding literary chef-doeuvre. It makes me inquire how Don Quixote lost his marbless and decided to go a knight. Up until that point he seemed to take a normal life of being, with no marks of daftness. I couldn t aid but experience sorry for Quixote. Thro ughout the narrative I was trusting he would carry through his dreams of a knightly life style. I had to look up to his strong beliefs, when all around him people were naming him brainsick.

Police and City Preventive Patrol free essay sample

This experiment started in October 1972 and continued throughout 1973. This was administered by the Kansas City Police Department and evaluated by the Police Foundation. Patrols were varied within 15 police beats. Routine patrol was eliminated in five beats, labeled â€Å"reactive† beats. Normal routine patrol was maintained in five â€Å"control† beats. Patrol was then increased by two times in five â€Å"proactive† beats. Questions This experiment asked the following questions: Would citizens notice any changes in the level of police patrol? Would different levels of visible patrol affect the number of crimes recorded or the outcomes of victim surveys? Would citizen fear of crime and attendant behavior change as a result of differing patrol levels? Last but not least, would their degree of satisfaction with police change? Major Findings The findings for this experiment were rather interesting. Citizens did not notice the difference when the level of patrol was changed. The most intriguing statistic was that the increased or decreased levels of patrol had no significant effect on resident and commercial burglaries, auto thefts and other crimes that are considered to be prevented by random, visible police patrol. We will write a custom essay sample on Police and City Preventive Patrol or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Also, the rate at which crimes were reported to the police did not change in any important way across the experimental beats. The fear of crime was not affected, nor was citizen satisfaction with police. Implication These findings suggest that routine preventive patrol in police cars has very little value in preventing crime, as well as making citizens feel safe. The overall implication from this experiment is that resources originally used to preventive patrol could be used to help other crime control strategies. S. A. R. A. Model What is the S. A. R. A Model? Scanning, Analysis, Response, Assessment is a problem-solving model frequently used by law enforcement. The problem-solving approach is a methodical process for reducing the impact of crime and disorder problems in a community. This problem-solving technique can be applied to all different kinds of problems. Scanning The main idea behind scanning is to identify the problem. The main questions associated with the scanning portion are as follows: Describe the problem, with specifics. How did the problem come to attention? Who is affected by this problem? How do you know there is a problem? Based on what is known, create a hypothesis. What do you think is causing the problem? Analysis The analysis portion deals with learning the problem’s causes, scope, and effects. Data and information is collected to understand the factors that contribute to the problem. This information is reviewed to identify trends or patterns involving incidents, locations, and persons. Response In this phase there are two basic objectives. One is to select a response, and the second is to implement the response. The key to Response stage is to promote a creative and spontaneous free flow of ideas. This should be centered on attacking the problem at its most vulnerable point. Assessment In the final phase, they evaluate the effectiveness of the response that was implemented. In making the assessment, current results are compared to the former problem. Conclusion The S. A. R. A. model is widely applicable to problems faced by many neighborhoods and has produced excellent results for hundreds of communities across the United States. It establishes a collaborative, systematic process to address issues of community, safety, and quality of life. Community-Oriented Policing What is it? Community policing is a philosophy that promotes organizational strategies, which support the use of partnerships and problem-solving techniques, to efficiently address the immediate conditions that give rise to public safety issues such as crime, social disorder, and fear of crime. Community policing is comprised of three parts: these are, community partnerships, organizational transformation and problem solving. Community Partnerships This is comprised of partnerships between law enforcement and other individuals and organizations that serve to create solutions and increase community trust with law enforcement. Organizational Transformation This is the creation of organizational management, personnel, and structure that supports community partnerships and aids in proactive problem solving. Problem Solving This component focuses n engaging proactively to identify the problem and to quickly come up with ways to response to the specific problem. My Personal Preference The policing model that I feel works the most effective is the S. A. R. A model. One of the reasons why I chose this model over the others is because this model takes a deeper look into the problem that is at hand. Some of the other models main focus is to stop crime during the act, which is great, but in order to have a safer community is to fix the problem of crime at its’ roots.

An Overview Of Vaishnodevi Tourism Essay Example

An Overview Of Vaishnodevi Tourism Essay Example An Overview Of Vaishnodevi Tourism Essay An Overview Of Vaishnodevi Tourism Essay Vaishnodevi Nestled at a tallness of 5,200 pess, Vaishnodevi, is one of the holiest temples in the Hindu faith. Located in the hill of Vaishno Devi in Jammu Kashmir, Vaishnodevi is besides known as Mata Rani and is believed to be an embodiment of the Mother Goddess. This is the 2nd most visited topographic point of pilgrims journey after Tirupati. Significance If ancient Hindu texts and Bibles are to be believed, the Mother Goddess was infact born stat mis off from where her shrine is situated. Her place of birth seems to hold been the South of India and she was born to Ratnakar Sagar. She left the secular desires at merely 9 old ages of age to chew over and execute repentances to pacify Lord Rama, an embodiment of Lord Vishnu. Please by her devotedness, Lord Rama asked her to travel North and meditate in a cave in the Trikuta scope of Manik Mountains. This is how Vaishnodevi is believed to hold been established. Attractions The Vaishnodevi Shrine: This universe celebrated temple that attracts 1000s of fans each twelvemonth is the focal point of Vasihnodevi. Like most ancient shrines the history of the Vaishnodevi shrine is shrouded in antiquity and mysticism although it is believed that the shrine was discovered by the Pandavas and the Mother Goddess finds a reference in the heroic poem Mahabharata. On a mountain, merely next to the Trikuta mountains and overlooking the sanctum cave are five rock constructions which are believed to typify the five pandavas. Devouts believe that the Mother Goddess has the power to carry through their desires and that no 1 goes empty handed from her shrine. Baba Dhansar: This temple, dedicated to Lord Shiva, is located 15 kilometer from Katra. Many devouts throng to this temple to see the of course formed Shiv Lingam on which droplets of H2O autumn invariably throughout the twelvemonth. This temple is besides the locale for a just that is held during Shivratri. Shiv Khori: This is the sanctum cave residence of Lord Shiva and is situated about 70 kilometers from Katra and the alone attractive force of this cave is its form it is shaped like a Damroo , Lord Shiva s heavenly music instrument broad at the terminals and narrow at the Centre. Shiv Khori besides has a of course formed Shiv Lingam that is popular amongst fans. How to Reach Your Vaishnodevi Yatra starts from Katra, a town located 50 kilometer from Jammu. Katra is good connected by route to Jammu. The nearest airdrome to Katra is Jammu as is the rail caput. If you plan to go by route, you can take from a broad scope of conveyance options like coachs, private taxis, landrovers etc. Recently, a chopper service has besides been started for pilgrims who do non desire to do the long and backbreaking trek to the shrine on pes.

BONES essays

BONES essays Many people believed that the bone is static and inert, but this idea is incorrect, the organic and mineral components of the bone matrix are continually being recycled and renewed through a process called remodeling. This process goes under way throughout life, as part of normal bone maintenance. Bone remodeling plays a key factor between the activities of osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. In the adult stage, osteocytes are continually removing and replacing the surrounding calcium salts. But osteoclasts and osteoblasts also remain active, even after the epiphyseal plates have closed. For the most part their activities have a balance. As one osteon forms through the activity of osteoblasts, another is destroyed by osteoclasts. In young adult, approximately each year one fifth of the adult skeleton is demolished and the rebuilt or replaced. The turnover and recycling of minerals give each bone the ability to adapt to new stresses. The mechanism that controls the internal organization and structure is osteoblast. Whenever a bone is stressed, the mineral crystals generate electrical fields. Osteoblasts have an attraction to these electrical fields, and once they are in this area they begin to produce bone. Since bones are adaptable , their shapes reflect the forces applied to them. Heavily streeled bones become thicker and stronget, whereas bones not being accessible to ordinary stresses will be deteriorated. Therefore is important to exercise daily to maintain a normal bone structure. ...

Philosophy of Nursing with compassion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Philosophy of Nursing with compassion - Essay Example Nightingale’s philosophy includes the four meta-paradigm concepts of Nursing, but the primary focus is on the patient and the environment (Nightingale, 1860/1969). Health is â€Å"not only to be well, but to be able to use well every power we have to use,† (Nightingale, 1969, p. 24) Nursing has been a fascination of mine since I was a little girl. I have a lot of compassion and love for people. My career started at the age of 17; graduating from the High School of Health Professions. I worked 4 years as a Nurse Aide, 10 years as a LVN, and now 22 years as a RN. I look at the patients I care for with a heart as if they were my family members; giving excellent care. I feel God gave me a gift to share and take care of others. Philippians 2:4 states â€Å"Let each of you look not only to his own interest, but also to the interests of others. (Holy Bible King James Version).Ephesians 4:32 states â€Å"Be kind to one another, tender hearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave us.† (Holy Bible King James Version) I recently had tragedy in my own life and was a bit heartbreaking. My husband died from a cardiac arrest on dialysis in October 2014. Being a dialysis nurse I questioned coming back to dialysis and even nursing profession. After 3 months to heal and go through my grief, I now realize this where God wants me to be and be more effective. The nurse owes the same duties to self as to others, including the responsibility to preserve integrity and safety. (ANA, 2001, p. 18) Historically from the era of Florence Nightingale‘s philosophy focused on the primarily on the patient and their environment, with the nurse controlling the environment to enhance the recovery of the patient. The ANA code of ethics for nurses was developed as a guide to responsibility care for patients in a manner that reflected quality in nursing care and the ethical obligations

Economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 20

Economics - Essay Example This is shown in diagram 1. D1 is the least price inelastic demand curve and D3 the most price elastic with D2 lying in between in terms of price elasticity. The initial equilibrium price is assumed to be 10 dollars per unit and the quantity demanded at this price is 3 units. Thus the initial revenue is 30 dollars. Now suppose the unit price falls to 6 dollars. If D1 is the demand curve, then the quantity demanded rises to 4 units. Thus the revenue in this case falls to 24 dollars. If D2 is the demand curve, the quantity demanded rises to 6 units and the revenue increases to 36 dollars. For D3, the quantity demanded rises to 10 units and consequently the revenue jumps to 60 dollars. Similarly, in case of a price rise, we would have observed that the fall in demand being minimal in case of D1 and greatest in case of D3. In the context of Will Bury’s business to appropriately estimate the viability of engaging himself fulltime in pursuit of his plans leaving his present job, the first step is to identify the potential revenue derivable. And to aptly estimate this, and to address other issues like what prices should be charged, whether price cuts can improve sales etc, the importance of identifying the price elasticity of demand for his product surfaces. If there is high price sensitivity in the market in which Will Bury seeks to compete, then his strategy of offering cheaper alternatives to the already present products is likely to be successful. From the fact that the usual clients of digital and audio books come from relatively affluent economic tiers, it can be predicted that the demand is likely to be elastic. This is reinforced by the existence of a number of close substitutes. However, it should be noted that the products that Will is offering actually can be classified into a few segments according to likely buyers and their preferences since these will actually result in different price elasticities for the different groups. Books which are no

Hacker Essay Example for Free

Hacker Essay The advancement of information technology spans a lot of areas of our lives. Information technology has made a huge difference in industry, agriculture and services. This in turn boosts up the productivity of the society. However, the development of computer technology also leads to many security problems in our modern society. There has emerged a group of computer savvy people who seeks and exploits weaknesses in a computer system or computer network. Their motivation has put many questions on debating table. On the one hand, many people contend that a hacker is a dangerous person who will probably destroy the whole world’s computer system. On the other hand, others argue that hackers are not dangerous and not causing harm. This essay will discuss the two sides of the coin with regard to hackers with relevant examples. First of all, the definition of hacking and hackers need to be clearly understood so as to have an insight into hacking. Hacking can be defined as any kind of computer crimes. Pirating is the most popular form of hacking, which relates to the stealing information from written software programmes. In the computer security context, hackers are people who try to find the weaknesses of the computer network and exploit the information from software. Hackers may be encouraged by a variety of reasons, for instance profits, protests, or challenges. Hackers can be categorised into the three types, which are black hats, grey hats, and white hats. Black hat group or cracker is expertise in carrying out the harmful to the computer system. A grey hat is a hacking group that will not violate the law and help the government to defend the system. However, grey hat will apply the same methods to revert to black hat approaches. The white hat hacker has their own abilities and professional computing skills to protect the malicious threads and they can work for the government as security consultant or security analyst(Tim,2004). It is a common view that hackers are a threat to individual users, business and society as a whole. Hackers usually look for the bankcard details through breaking into the baking computer systems. With the information about customers of the banks, they can steal a huge amount of money, which cause a financial crisis to individuals. At the organizational level, regarding information of the organization such as research business plan or even financial reports is always involves with hacking. Digital database of the customer is also one of the target of hackers, with hackers stealing names , addresses, emails and financial data from organizations. Such a loss of data to a samall business may cost a competitive edge or the complete loss of a customer base, effectively ruining the organization. On the other hand, a business that involve in computer hacking may gain the benefits of data providing the competitive edge and access to the new customer bases through hacking. Personal or political data gained through computer hacking could serve as leverage in business or political dealings(Markoff, 2005). At the society level, apart from financial damage which is similar to individuals, hackers may hack into the national infrastructure system or business system then can control the electrical power plants, transportation, gas, and oil which called the threats of cyber terrorism(Moore, 2005). Moreover, for the military purpose if hacker could access to the system they can track the military movement or even know the exact position where the military camps are set. Compared with other terrorist methods, cyber terrorism needs only few personal and few inputs to achieve their intentions and does have to be physically attacked(Eric, 2012). Cyber terrorists can actually operate their mission from a distance to create damage from a distance and the security agents cannot find them because they change IP address to hide their address and finally it becomes the most challenge issue for the government agents to indentify and capture them(Eric,2012). However there are some positive consequences that hackers bring to the safer security environment of the organization. It is thought that hackers are not always a harmful to the society but have significant role to protect the society from attackers. Over the years computer-related crimes have become more sophisticated. New network security is become more important about defending and documenting defenses. People are finding out about firewalls and putting them up and also find out about VPN server security and actually instantiate VPN servers. It is normally not about modeling an attack the method an attacker would. Those are very different things. With a view to enhancing the network security, some popular practices have been applied. or example, ethical hacking is looking for the weakness in the network system under operations, portfolioing these loopholes and finding the solutions to compensate those weakness by reinforcing some features of the system to prevent likely attacks from computer crimminals( Tim ed al. , 2004). Hacking is also widely being used to rectify data security issues for busin esses. Certain types of hackers such as Grey hat works with businesses to strengthen the security system by assisting the company whereby seeking out the weaknesses of the system. For instance, Gregory Evans who ever caught because of criminal hacking, is now working for the US government as a security consultant(Markoff, 2005). Furthermore, Brand innovation has included one of the advantages of hacking. Hacking can be employed to increase the revenue of the company by using of acknowledgement of hackers to create some new ideas and destruct the old products. In order to implement this, hackers must have to go through the system and change the brand’s code(Tim, 2004). In conclusion, it is a bias- based opinion that people can conclude when looking just only at the downside of the hacking. However, there are some good perspectives of hacking. I personally believe that hackers are not always causing harm, but help the security system to protect the system from other hackers. All things considered, hackers, together with hacking, are not always dangerous. They could act as a driving force for all the computer programmers to unstoppingly correct all the weaknesses in the system and discover new and more effective software.

Generic Conventions used in 28 days later versus Shaun of the Dead Essa

’28 days later’ and ‘Shaun of the Dead’ are both a zombie film, which is a sub-genre of horror. However their genres are extremely different because ‘Shaun of the Dead’ is also a comedy. Both of these films use typical conventions of the zombie genre. For example, they both use the convention of desertion and loneliness. In ’28 days later’, Jim comes out of the hospital to a completely deserted city (London). This convention helps create unease in an audience, especially when these scenes are set in places that are usually crowded i.e. we expect cities to be full with people and therefore it is very disturbing when we see them completely abandoned. In ‘Shaun of the Dead’ there is dramatic irony as the audience realises there is something wrong a long time before the protagonists do. However this adds to the protagonists’ vulnerability because they will not be expecting anything and therefore will not be prepared. The unease created by this convention is played on in ’28 days later’ by having several extreme long shots of the city which shows the audience that everywhere is deserted (not just the are where Jim is). The mise-en-scene is extremely important in this scene because props such as abandoned money and an abandoned car make is appear as if everyone has just dropped their possessions and run. This emphasises the feeling that something terrible has happened. The zombies in each film resemble each other in the way that they are always covered in blood, and (although different in the two films) there is an emphasis on their eyes. In ’28 days later’, their eyes are blood red and this is shown right from the beginning sequence and used throughout the whole film. Another generic convention that both of the films use is the ide... ... rushing to save some others, Phillip is saying things like â€Å"Do you realise this is a 20mile zone?† Another example is the garden scene where Shaun and Ed are taking time to decide which records to throw at the zombies even though it is a race against time sequence as the zombies are approaching them. However, in the pub scene, ‘Shaun of the dead’ starts to show a lot more typical conventions of the zombie genre. In both ‘Shaun of the dead’ and ’28 days later’ there is a typical convention of this genre used, which is that there are only a few protagonists compared to hundreds of zombies. For example when the main characters are left in the pub in ‘Shaun of the dead’, there are silhouettes of hundreds of zombies trying to get in through the doors and windows. The convention of being ‘cornered’ is often used general horror films not just in the sub-genre of zombie.

My Best Life Trip

In 2007 our trip to Jordan was very exciting . I remember it as if it happened yesterday. It was a few years ago with my friends , and it was the best trip of my life. I remember flying to Jordan by Gulf Air . When we arrived Amman, the capital of Jordan at Queen Alia International Airport , the weather outside the airport was very nice and drizzling.We had already booked with the travel agency in Oman for a flat in a place in Amman called (Alrasheed suburb) one of the busiest tourist locations in Jordan during summer, perhaps even busier than the infamous (Dead sea beach resort) because the infrastructure there is new (new malls and theme parks ) and also from there you can go to Syria by car . In fact we are lucky because the flat we rented was near the Omani student club in Jordan. Amman hosts a huge cultural festival each year and fortunately at the time we arrived the next day the festival started.Jordan has a lot of historical locations attracting all kinds of people, whether t hey are children, adults, citizens, or foreigners. You wondered how a non-oil rich country like Jordan is so well organized . On the first day we took rest and made a schedule for out trip. The same day at night we went around in Amman malls , sitting in a traditional restaurants that present old folklore session with delicious variety of food and people there were so friendly and hospitable .In the morning we went to visit historical places like (Grash Theater ). When we reached there and saw that place we were surprised to see how old it was and we found there a lot of entertainment . Second day at night we went to the festival and attended the concerts of Arab singers who enjoy the crowd with their songs . After that we take around in the festival locations to see other activities and know Jordanian culture.Third day we decided to visit (Alpetra City) , so we rented a taxi and went there , far from Amman taking four hours . Its a beautiful historical place and we wondered how a h uman can build and carve a city in a mountain like that. We enjoyed our time there and took souvenirs with us . The day before we left we rented a car and went to see the Dead sea beach. The trip by car took around five hours but we enjoyed that because we learned how to use the GPS and that was our first time . We arrived and it’s a huge splendid resort .We ate our lunch on the warm sand and regardless that no one of us can swim but we swim in that sea because it's water salty and no one can drown there. The days passed like hours and our trip reached its end , but we gained a lot sightseeing and knowing the country's customs and traditions and mingle with different people ,besides that we learned how to depend on ourselves . Finally we departed from Jordan to Oman with big treasure of experience mixed with pleasure . It is a place one must visit at least once in their lifetime.

The Advantages Imparted By Resin Addition To Conventional Glass Ionomer Outweigh The Disadvantages

Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC) is created when ion-leachable calcium alumino-silicate glass powder that contains fluoride reacts with polyalkenoic acid. Recently, the use of GIC has been extensive in dentistry as it can be modified by combining it with several substances and the properties can be further enhanced. GIC cement was initially developed by Wilson and Kent in England in the year 1972 (Graig, 2002). When created earlier, the GIC was not an aesthetic material and did not have any translucency. It was utilized to full only small class V abrasive lesions.It was slowly modified and can be used in several clinical processes such as luting, as a lining and a base, etc. GIC has certain unique properties that may not be present in any other material. It helps to conserve the tooth structure and it directly bonds with the tooth. The GIC cement directly bonds to the dentine present in the tooth. It helps to remineralise caries and hence can be utilized by preserving the tooth material. The GIC cement slowly releases fluoride over a long-period. This property of GIC can also be utilized in caries prevention and in patient’s having a high-risk of developing caries (Mount, 1998).The powder present in the resin-modified GIC cement is somewhat similar to the conventional GIC’s. The liquid contains monomers and polymers to ensure the strength of the GIC cement is increased (Graig, 2002). The GIC cement has usually two components, a powder and a liquid. The powder is a ion-leachable alumina-silicate glass. The liquid contains polymers and copolymers of acrylic acid dissolved in water. During the setting reaction Aluminium ions and calcium ions are released by the glass and polymers release acid groups.The setting reaction takes place slowly and results in the formation of a cross-linked gel matrix. Aluminium ions may be exchanged slowly in the gel matrix which helps to strengthen it. This process occurs very slowly until the final set. The calcium present i n the gel matrix may combine with the exposed GIC cement bonds using both diffusion an the adsorption phenomenon (Mount, 1998). When the freshly cut tooth surface is smeared with GIC, the polyalkenoic acid plays a very important role in initiating adhesion. The carboxyl ions present in the acid displaces the phosphate ions present in the apatite crystals.The Calcium phosphate-polyalkenoate crystalline complex formed at the interface of the tooth surface and the GIC material plays a very important role in bonding. This phenomenon is frequently-known as diffusion based adhesion (Mount, 1998). When the intermediate complex phase is subjected to acid etching, it was more resistant to etching than the other portions of the tooth. When forces were applied to debond the restoration to the tooth, the complex phase formed was left behind. The carboxyl group of the polyacid of the GIC combines with the collagen molecules of the dentin to form a bond.The strength of this bond may be increased by using conditioning agents such as citric acid and hydrogen peroxide which help to remove the smear layer. However, polyacrylic acid is the best material in removing the smear layer and improving adhesion. Polyacrylic acid helps to remove the smear layer, but does not interfere with the dentinal plugs that block the entry into the dentinal tubules. This helps to prevent the development of hypersensitivity following restoration. This solution can also be utilized remove the smear layer (Mount, 1998). The Cement so formed may have a lot of limitations which may restrict use.GIC cement is slightly more soluble in the saliva compared to several other dental cements especially the resin containing cements. However, GIC cement is more resistant to solubility than other cements such as silicate cements. Another problem of GIC cement is that it may begin to disintegrate in the oral cavity when certain problems such as zerostomia or Sjogern’s syndrome are present. This is because th e GIC cement tends to lose its moisture in the oral cavity. In such a circumstance, GIC restorations have to be replaced every few months or maximum on an annual basis.Frequently, the cement has to be covered by a composite resin lining to ensure that the GIC cement does not face the ruthless environment of the mouth, especially in Sjorgren’s syndrome (Mount, 1998). Resin modified GIC cements helps to make the material more resistant to both excessive solubility in the oral cavity and excessive destruction from unfavourable conditions present in the mouth such as Sjogren’s syndrome (Mount 1998). GIC cement tends to shrink slowly with time. The shrinkage on an average basis (volumetrically) is about 3 %.This shrinkage develops slowly over a period of time. On the tooth side of the restoration, as the GIC combines with the collagen and the tooth surface to form a bond, the shrinkage may not be much to result in debonding of the restoration from the tooth. The stress rela xation is not much on the tooth side of the restoration. When the cement tends to set slowly, it usually absorbs water and also dissolves slightly more in the saliva. Slowly setting cements overall do not have good mechanical properties but anyway shrink less than the faster setting GIC’s.A cavity varnish or a Composite Resin may have to be applied to the surface of slow-setting GIC cement in order to protect if from the oral environment during the initial stages following setting. In resin-modified GIC cements, even if the resin content is about 5 %, it would result in reduced amounts of shrinkage at the time of placement. The shrinkage that develops over a period of time occurs much more slowly. The adhesion formed between the tooth surface and the GIC helps to limit shrinkage to some extent (Mount,1998). GIC cements are weak material and lack rigidity.They are susceptible to fracture compared to other materials such as dental amalgams and composite resins. Those restoratio ns with GIC prepared in high stress bearing areas, having high occlusal load, usually fail within a short period of time. However, research suggests that the resin-modified GIC cements have a better strength compared to the conventional GIC cements. The transverse strength of resin-modified GIC cement is almost twice that of conventional GIC cement (Graig, 2002). They also have higher fracture resistance, almost comparable to micro-filled composite resins.On an average, the compressive strength of conventional GIC cements is about 70 to 220 MPa, and that for luting GIC cements is about 10 to 150 MPa. The compressive strength for a resin-modified GIC cement is about 110 to 220 MPa. The tensile strength for conventional GIC cements is about 12 to 16 MPa and that for luting GIC cement is about 6 to 15 MPa. The tensile strength of resin -modified GIC cement is about 15 to 16 Moa. The Shear strength of the conventional GIC cement is about 30 to 40 MPa and for the luting GIC cement is abo ut 20 to 25 MPa.On the other hand, the resin-modified GIC cement has shear strength of about 60 to 70 MPa. During the early days, the GIC cements did not have a good compressive and tensile strengths. However, nowadays due to advancements in the materials, the compressive and tensile strengths of conventional GIC is approaching that of resin-modified GIC and also the microfilled composite resins (Mount, 1998). However, the resin-modified GIC cements should only be utilized in low –stress bearing areas. They can be utilized in patients having a high-caries rate as the GIC cement has anti-cariogenic properties (Graig, 2002).Many dental practitioners consider using cermets cements or sliver-impregnated GIC cements in load-bearing areas as they would feel that it helps improve the facture toughness of the GIC. However, this is a wrong perception as cermets cements only help to improve the abrasive resistance. Conventional GIC cements have a reasonable amount of resistance to abra sion. They may be susceptible to abrasion during the initial stages following placement (Mount 1998). Self-curing GIC cements may have moderate translucency, but this may take several days to develop.Self-curing GIC cements tend to be affected by the presence of water during the initial period following setting. Hence, self-curing GIC cements may have to be carefully sealed during placement for at least 24 hours until some amount of translucency is achieved. The technique of placement plays a very important role in the case of conventional GIC. Resin-modified GIC cements show a much better translucency compared to the conventional GIC cements. The translucency is achieved immediately following curing with light. The translucency may slightly worsen over the next few days following placement, but this may not be perceived to the eye.Following this, the translucency improves again and sometimes it even achieves a greater amount of translucency compared to that obtained following curin g (Mount, 1998). HEMA (about 15 to 25 %), certain polymerisable groups (1%) and a photo-initiator are present in the liquid component of the resin-modified GIC cement. The light –activation of the GIC enables polymerization of the resin, and the chemical reaction between the liquid and the powder components of the GIC goes on as in an auto-curing system. The final setting of the resin-modified GIC cement is the same as that of conventional cement.As HEMA is present in the liquid component of the resin-modified GIC cement, using thinly consistency cements would bring about a higher HEMA content in the final set mixture. A thick mixture would contain 4. 5 % HEMA, whereas thinly-mixed GIC cement would contain about 15 % HEMA. The HEMA is capable of drawing water from the oral environment and degrading. Further, HEMA is released into the dentin. The presence of certain trace elements in the GIC cement brings about an oxidation-reduction reaction and ensures that the HEMA is not l eft behind. Hence, water is not absorbed from the environment by the GIC cement.During the setting of the resin-modified GIC cement, two basic reactions occur between the powder and the liquid. The first is the acid-base reaction between the polyalkenoic acid and the glass powder. Two separate matrices are formed, one is a hydrogel of the ionomer salts and the other is a poly-HEMA matrix. When these two matrices are formed, the interactions prevent the acid-base reactions from completing. The HEMA particles will begin to set following activation by light, and will prevent the auto-curing GIC cement from absorbing water almost immediately (Mount, 1998).This will also ensure that a greater amount of strength is achieved by the restoration almost immediately (Graig, 2002). The acid-base reaction, the light-curing reaction (along with the presence of the photo-initiator) and the oxidation-reduction reactions ensure that adequate cross-linking takes place in the resin-modified GIC cement . The light-curing reaction ensures sufficient and immediate hardening of the GIC mass provided the light activation is performed. The acid-base reaction will continue for a few days to bring about hardening within a few days.The cross-linking formed in the acid-base reactions and the HEMA matrix will ensure that water is not taken up by the GIC mass. The 5 to 15 % HEMA present in the GIC ensures that water is not immediately taken up by the GIC mass. However, as a sufficient quantity of substances present in the conventional GIC cement is present, the chances of dehydration following the initial setting reaction are still high. Hence, light-cured resin-modified GIC cement should also be protected with a low-viscosity resin sealant (Mount, 1998).When resin-modified GIC cement is utilized as a base below composite resin restorations, there is no need to etch the GIC cement before inserting the composite resin material. HEMA helps in forming a chemical bond between the GIC cement and the composite resin. Efforts should be made during the etching process to prevent accident etching of the GIC cement. However, etching the GIC cement would not result in an adverse affect. When GIC cement is utilized below amalgam restorations, it is better to use resin-modified GIC cement as it can tolerate higher strengths compared to the conventional GIC cements (Graig, 2002).Resin-modified GIC cements are frequently utilized below composite resin restorations since the year 1985, so as to lower microleakage. Besides, fluorides released by the GIC would ensure that secondary caries does not develop. The composite resin would ensure that superior aesthetic effects of the restoration would be maintained. Fluorides leached by the GIC would ensure that the restoration has some anti-cariogenic effect. Earlier, conventional GIC cement was utilized below composite restorations, and only mechanical interlocking between both the materials occurred.The GIC present below the resin material was lost over a period of time. There is no chemical bonding between the GIC and the composite resin restoration and hence, the bond strength is very poor. The use of rein-modified GIC cements present below composite resins helps to improve the bond strength as a chemical bonding would be formed between the monomer present in the GIC and certain substances present in the composite resin (Taher, 2007). The GIC utilized in a laminate or sandwich technique can be used in two fashions, that is open sandwich and closed sandwich technique.In the open sandwich technique, portions of the GIC are exposed to the oral cavity. The GIC is not only utilised to cover the exposed dentin but is also placed peripherally to form a type of seal. In the closed technique, the GIC covers the dentin and is in turn completely covered by the composite resin restoration. Using conventional GIC cements, the failure rates were 13 to 35 % within 2 years and 75 % within 6 years. The conventional GIC cements place d were capable of degenerating to a greater extent in the saliva and are also susceptible to fracture due to decreased fracture resistance.Gradually, resin-modified GIC began to replace the conventional GIC under composite restorations. As resin-modified GIC cements have superior properties, they would ensure a longer life, and would also have an anti-cariogenic effect. Studies demonstrated that the resin-modified GIC developed better proprieties and was not much technique-sensitive compared to the conventional GIC cements. In the open-sandwich technique, the marginal seal developed by the resin –modified GIC cement was much better than the composite resin materials and hence is preferred.The caries rate was much less in the patients using Resin-modified GIC cements compared to the conventional GIC cements. A study was conducted by Dentists in a city in Sweden to study the effect of using resin-modified GIC cements on about 239 restorations. It was found that the 5 % of the r estorations had become unacceptable after 3 years (that is about 5 % of all restorations treated with open-sandwich techniques had failed). Tooth fractures developed in about 2. 5 % of the restorations. Minor erosions of the GIC were observed in 4 %. Secondary caries developed only in one of the 239 restorations.The properties of resin-modified GIC cements is much superior to conventional GIC cement when utilized beneath composite restorations in a sandwich technique. The Resin-modified GIC cements are less susceptible to dissolve and disintegrate in the salvia compared to the conventional GIC cements. It also adapts well to the cavity walls and offers a chemical bonding with the composite resin. The failure rate with resin modified GIC cements was much less compared to that of conventional GIC cements. The sandwich technique can be utilized as an alternative to amalgam restorations especially in those with a high caries index.The restorations produced have a lower failure rate and has a much longer life. However, the use of resin-modified GIC cements for sandwich technique has not been studied on a long term basis (van Dijken, 1999). The bond strengths formed between resin-modified GIC cements and the composite resin materials was higher compared to that between the conventional GIC and the composite restorations following etch and bond technique. In etch and bond technique, the bond strength formed was about 2. 42 MPa compared to that of 6. 87 to 7. 05 MPa formed between the resin-modified GIC and the composite restorations (Knight, 2006).Another study conducted in the University of Cardiff by Chadwick et al (2007), demonstrated that resin-modified GIC cement had a much better success rate compared to conventional GIC cements. The failure rates of conventional GIC cements were between 6. 6 to 60 %. The failure rates of resin-modified GIC cements were found to be between 2 to 14 %, suggesting superior mechanical properties. Some amount of evidence is present from past literature that resin-modified GIC cements could also be utilised to a certain extent in small and moderate sized class II restorations (Chadwick, 2007).A study was conducted to study the surface properties of resin-modified composite resins compared to that of conventional GIC and that of composite resin restorations. The materials were examined following polishing with silicon carbide. The composite resin restorations and the resin-modified GIC cements were more resistant to the effect of foodstuff such as tea, coffee and red wine on the restoration than the conventional GIC. The surface roughness of the composite resin restoration and the resin-modified restoration were much lesser compared to the conventional GIC restoration (Bagheri, 2007).There are not much of differences in the composition of the resin-modified GIC and the conventional GIC cements. The resin-modified GIC contains a small percentage of monomers and polymers to bring about superior mechanical properti es. Resin-modified GIC cements are more resistant to solubility and excessive disintegration from several factors that operate from within the oral cavity. The shrinkage that develops in resin-modified GIC is much slower and less compared to conventional GIC cement. Resin–modified GIC cements have higher transverse strengths, compressive strengths and fracture resistance compared to conventional GIC cements.Even the tensile strengths and the shear strengths of resin-modified GIC cements are higher than conventional GIC cements. However, resin-modified GIC cements should not be utilized in high stress bearing areas, as they could fail. Resin-modified GIC achieves its final properties almost immediately, following curing with light. Resin-modified cements have better properties when placed below composite and amalgam restorations. Below composite restorations, it forms a chemical bond with the composite. As its strength is higher, it can be utilized below amalgam restorations.I t also helped to reduce the secondary caries rate as they released fluorides over a period of time. The surface properties of Resin-modified GIC are also much better compared to that of conventional GIC, and hence the aesthetic properties would be much better. All these superiorities do imply that Resin-modified GIC should be preferred for use in various situations. However, the Resin-modified GIC should not be utilized to fill large cavities in stress bearing areas, as they are susceptible to fail.

A Guide to Socratic Ignorance

A Guide to Socratic Ignorance Socratic ignorance refers, paradoxically, to a kind of knowledge–a person’s frank acknowledgment of what they don’t know.  It is captured by the well-known statement: â€Å"I know only one thing–that I know nothing.†Ã‚  Paradoxically, Socratic ignorance is also referred to as Socratic wisdom. Socratic Ignorance in Plato's Dialogues This sort of humility regarding what one knows is associated with the Greek philosopher Socrates (469-399 BCE) because he is portrayed displaying it in several of Plato’s dialogs.  The clearest statement of it is in the Apology, the speech Socrates gave in his defense when he was prosecuted for corrupting the youth and impiety.  Socrates recounts how his friend Chaerephon was told by the Delphic oracle that no human was wiser than Socrates.  Socrates was incredulous since he didn’t consider himself wise.  So he set about trying to find someone wiser than himself.  He found plenty of people who were knowledgeable about specific matters such as how to make shoes, or how to pilot a ship.  But he noticed that these people also thought that they were similarly expert about other matters too when they clearly were not.  He eventually drew the conclusion that in one sense, at least, he was wiser than others in that he did not think he knew what he did not in fact know.  In short, he was aware of his own ignorance. In several other of Plato’s dialogs, Socrates is shown confronting someone who thinks they understand something but who, when questioned rigorously about it, turns out not to understand it at all.  Socrates, by contrast, admits from the outset that he does not know the answer to whatever question is being posed.   In the Euthyphro, for instance, Euthyphro is asked to define piety.  He makes five attempts, but Socrates shoots each one down.  Euthyphro, however, does not admit that he is as ignorant as Socrates; he simply rushes off at the end of the dialog like the white rabbit in Alice in Wonderland, leaving Socrates still unable to define piety (even though he is about to be tried for impiety). In the Meno, Socrates is asked by Meno if virtue can be taught and responds by saying that he doesn’t know because he doesn’t know what virtue is.  Meno is astonished, but I turn out that he is unable to define the term satisfactorily. After three failed attempts, he complains that Socrates has benumbed his mind, rather as a stingray numbs its prey.  He used to be able to speak eloquently about virtue, and now he can’t even say what it is.  But in the next part of the dialog, Socrates shows how clearing one’s mind of false ideas, even if it leaves one in a state of self-confessed ignorance, is a valuable and even necessary step if one is to learn anything.  He does this by showing how a slave boy can only solve a mathematical problem once he has recognized that the untested beliefs he already had were false. The Importance of Socratic Ignorance This episode in the Meno highlights the philosophical and historical importance of Socratic ignorance.  Western philosophy and science only get going when people begin to question dogmatically help beliefs.  The best way to do this is to start out with a skeptical attitude, assuming one is not certain about anything.  This approach was most famously adopted by Descartes (1596-1651) in his Meditations. In actual fact, it is questionable how feasible it is to maintain an attitude of Socratic ignorance on all matters.  Certainly, Socrates in the ​Apology doesn’t maintain this position consistently.  He says, for instance, that he is perfectly certain that no real harm can befall a good man.  And he is equally confident that â€Å"the unexamined life is not worth living.†

Scythians in the Ancient World

Scythians in the Ancient World Scythians a Greek designation were an ancient group of people from Central Eurasia distinguished from others of the area by their customs and their contact with their neighbors. There appear to have been several groups of Scythians, who were known to the Persians as Sakas. We dont know where each group lived, but they lived in the area from the Danube River to Mongolia on the East-West dimension and southward to the Iranian plateau. Where the Scythians Lived Nomadic, Indo-Iranian (a term that also covers inhabitants of the Iranian plateau and the Indus Valley [e.g., Persians and Indians]) horsemen, archers, and pastoralists, depicted wearing pointed hats and trousers, the Scythians lived in the Steppes northeast of the Black Sea, from the 7th-3rd century B.C. Scythia also refers to a region from the Ukraine and Russia (where archaeologists have unearthed Scythian burial mounds) into Central Asia. Eurasian Map showing Steppe tribes, including SythiansRelated map showing location in Asia, as well The Scythians are closely associated with horses (and the Huns). [The 21st-century movie Attila showed a starving boy drinking the blood of his horse to stay alive. However much this might be Hollywood license, it conveys the essential, survival bond between the steppe nomads and their horses.] Ancient Names of the Scythians The greek epic poet Hesiod called the northern tribes hippemolgi mare milkers.The Greek historian Herodotus refers to the European Scythians as Scythians and the eastern ones as Sacae. Beyond the Scythians and other Steppe tribes was supposed to be Apollos sometimes home, among the Hyperboreans.The name Scythians and Sacae applied to themselves was Skudat archer.Later, the Scythians were sometimes called Getae.The Persians also called the Scythians Sakai. According to Richard N. Frye (The Heritage of Central Asia; 2007) of these, there wereSaka HaumavargaSaka Paradraya (beyond the sea or river)Saka Tigrakhauda (pointed hats)Saka para Sugdam (beyond Sogdiana)Scythians, who attacked the kingdom of Urartu in Armenia, were called Ashguzai or Ishguzai by the Assyrians. The Scythians may have been the Biblical Ashkenaz. Legendary Origins of the Scythians A rightly skeptical Herodotus says the Scythians claimed the first man to exist in the region at a time when it was desert and about a millennium before Darius of Persia was named Targitaos. Targitaos was the son of Zeus and the daughter of the river Borysthenes. He had three sons from whom the tribes of the Scythians sprang.Another legend Herodotus reports connects the Scythians with Hercules and Echidna. Tribes of the Scythians Herodotus IV.6 lists the 4 tribes of the Scythians: From Leipoxais sprang the Scythians of the race called Auchatae;from Arpoxais, the middle brother, those known as the Catiari and Traspians;from Colaxais, the youngest, the Royal Scythians, or Paralatae.All together they are named Scoloti, after one of their kings: the Greeks, however, call them Scythians. The Scythians are also divided into: Sacae,Massagetae (may mean strong Getae),Cimmerians, andGetae. The Appeal of the Scythians The Scythians are connected with a variety of customs that interest modern people, including the use of hallucinogenic drugs, fabulous gold treasures, and cannibalism [see Cannibalism in ancient myth]. They have been popular as the noble savage from the 4th century B.C. Ancient writers eulogized the Scythians as more virtuous, hardy, and chaste than their civilized contemporaries. Sources The Scythians, by Jona Lendering.The Scythian Domination in Western Asia: Its Record in History, Scripture, and Archaeology, by E. D. Phillips World Archaeology. 1972.The Scythian: His Rise and Fall, by James William Johnson. Journal of the History of Ideas. 1959 University of Pennsylvania Press.The Scythians: Invading Hordes from the Russian Steppes, by Edwin Yamauchi. The Biblical Archaeologist. 1983.

Automotive Industry Analysis According to Porter's Research Paper

Automotive Industry Analysis According to Porter's - Research Paper Example This factor therefore forces existing firms to compete to gain more market share in major and minor niche product markets. The overall intensity of the rivalry among firms is therefore on the higher side. (â€Å" Automotive Manufacturing in the United States† 20) Relative Power of other stakeholders- High Rating Automotive industry is an industry which is based upon different stakeholders such as manufacturers, dealers, banks and financial institutions as well as government. The linkages between the stakeholders therefore are relatively complex and problems with one stakeholder can really see significant impact on the automotive manufacturing firms. During recent economic downturns, automotive sector was hit hardly due to credit crunch. The involvement of government was on the higher side too as US and other governments made equity participation to help automotive manufacturing firms to survive. Environmental groups are also significant stakeholders and their relative power ma y bring fundamental shifts in the industry due to threats posed by carbon emission to the environment. Overall government regulations are stringent and need to be complied with. ("General Motors Corporation Company Profile.† 30) Threat of New Entrants- Moderate Rating New entrants are firms willing to enter into the industry to take advantage of available business opportunities. The overall market size of the Automotive manufacturing market in US is over $200 billion as per estimates made in 2010. Such large market size therefore makes this industry one of the lucrative opportunities for new entrants despite the fact that cost of entry and other entry barriers are high. Typically, automotive sector requires high capital expenditure along with a well developed network of dealers and financial institutions however; those firms which are already established in other markets may find US market a relatively lucrative market. (â€Å"Automotive Manufacturing in the United Statesâ₠¬  18). This factor therefore may seems to be a high rating factor considering the fact that firms like GM are increasingly facing product recalls due to production and design faults. Established brands at international level like Toyota, Mercedes, and Volkswagen may get good brand recognition due to their international repute and presence. Threats of Substitutes- Moderate Rating Substitutes are the alternatives available to the consumers to use in lieu of current product under use. One of the key threats is the increasing use of public transports by the passengers due to higher cost of maintaining the vehicles. The increasing costs associated with gasoline, taxes, carbon emission therefore may restrict the ability of average household income holders to go for new cars. (â€Å" Automotive Manufacturing in the United States† 19) Used cars are another substitute available to the consumers especially due to overall uncertainty prevailing into major markets. It has been suggeste d that overall consumer confidence is at lower levels and consumers do not prefer to make bigger purchases. This threat however may be of moderate nature as factors like brand loyalty and high switching cost may restrict buyers to go for substitutes. Supplier Power- Moderate Suppliers provide essential raw materials to firms to manufacture finished goods. The overall materials used in the production of automotives are diverse in nature

In General, Toyota's Foreign Plants Have Achieved Productivity Levels Essay

In General, Toyota's Foreign Plants Have Achieved Productivity Levels Similar To Those In Japan - Essay Example This system involves team and individual discipline in the assembly line operation and a paradigm shift from doing quantity production to creating quality products the first time. Toyotas culture of quality work and continuous improvement through a team-based work place as implemented by Ohno Taichi has made Toyotas manufacturing facilities and assembly lines efficient and effective. Without the aggressive implementation of these corporate values of discipline, quality and continuous improvement, Toyotas lean production system would have been a failure and productivity would not have increased. The culture of Toyota has become the company strength and competitive advantage in the automobile industry. A global corporation is defined as an organization that coordinate and integrates its activities on a worldwide basis. It offers its customers a standardized product or services. The company is a highly centralized structure. The role of local subsidiaries is to assemble and sell products developed centrally. (Bartlett and Ghoshal, 1989). Toyota as a manufacturer of automobile products has highly standardized its product, manufacturing processes, and operations in all of its facilities worldwide. The production process of Japan and foreign plants of Toyota utilizes the Kanban system, a simplified assembly line called Global Body Line and supplier support system. The allocation of resources, responsibilities, and controls are centralized on a global basis towards the home-country, Japan.

Elaboration Likelihood model analysis Term Paper

Elaboration Likelihood model analysis - Term Paper Example Today businesses are constantly developing new persuasion mechanisms to market their products and services. They are looking for innovative ways of creating and delivering the content of the message. They aim to capture the audience attention, create assurance, spawn preferred attitudes, create social norms and eventually influence behavior. In this paper, I will explain the theory of elaboration likelihood model and show how it explains the persuasive strategy apparent in a television ad campaign for Budweiser puppy love commercial. A lot of research studies conducted in this field of persuasion indicates the challenges of developing a persuasive message. The results are varying particularly on issues dealing with public policies (Rucker & Petty, 2006). These results are linked to the thinking of the early 1970s researches about persuasion. The variables suggested by researchers during the 1970s continue to be investigated till now; they include message characteristics. This will encompass its credibility, attractiveness, emotional appeal, the mood it creates, and the channel used to present the message (Petty, Barden, et al., 2009). The assumption was that these variables achieved a single goal, which is persuasion. They could produce only one outcome, the effect of the persuasion message would be either successful or reduced. Some studies show that including only positive arguments in the message improved persuasion efforts. However, other studies found no similar benefits of incorporating positive aspects only; sometimes it reduced the effect of persuasion efforts. Some studies found also that incorporating negative aspects enhance the impact of persuasion rather than reduce it as earlier thought. The contentious issues in these results were the uncertainty on how these negative effects were relayed and steps involved in conveying them (Wagner & Petty, 2011). It was due to the

Moral Objectivism Essay Example for Free

Moral Objectivism Essay I recommend the moral theory of Objectivism as the basis of your software company’s ethical standards to be used by all company employees. This single, coherent, defensible moral theory is better applied to your company than multiple theories, because it is a value-based system of virtues that is concerned more with the type of person you should be, rather than with the rules that dictate how you should act. Moral Objectivism believes that there are moral standards that apply to everyone. Moral standards that are universal for all, but not absolute because there can be exceptional cases. Objectivist principles apply to all, unless exceptions are necessary. Objectivism is also considered a philosophy for living, because it promotes values like love, friendship, wealth, and comfort. Objectivism respects science, technology, and innovation, which makes it very relevant in developing your software company’s organizational values and code of ethics. Objectivism values purpose, achievement, success, and strives for good living to pursue the greatest achievements that you can attain in your life. It sets personal happiness as the major goal. Since most of us in the western world believe that a moral code of ethics is fundamental to our society, which makes Moral objectivism the best theory to apply within your software company. This theory allows your employees to grow, develop, and live together as one company of people working under one unified moral code. However, there could be a problem with people who are college students on a visa exchange program, green-card workers, or foreign-born/dual citizenship employees experienced working in a different culture in a different part of the world. Moral Relativism believes that the current company moral standards are irrelevant to these people, but what applies is what is relative to what these individuals or their cultures believe. The problem with this theory is that it is impractica l, illogical, and would cause mass confusion within your software company. Since moral relativism is relative to a person or culture, different people and cultures would create different morals and principles leading to conflicts, disagreements, and disharmony. For example, we believe that killing is wrong for everyone, but some foreign cultures believe that killing is sometimes permissible and necessary. To unite, share, and promote harmony and respect, Objectivist virtues applied in your business ethics is the perfect moral theory for a young, fast-growing software company, because it is value-based on virtues. Virtuous actions lead to the achievement of values. When operating and managing a software company, the business virtue theory contends that virtuous principles, strategies, and actions result in companies realizing their values like mission, purpose, and profit potential. Virtuous employees carry out their roles in a competent manner, which usually agrees with company goals. Virtues allow a person to act to gain value. When business people conform to the Objectivist virtues, they increase the likelihood of achieving their values and goals. Virtue ethics stresses the importance of each employee being able to make contributions of value. Valid virtue concepts are required to describe what it means to be an excellent director, leader, manager, or worker. To be successful, a software company needs to provide a set of virtues that are reality-based, non-contradictory, integrated, and comprehensive. Virtue theory states that ethics is part of business and that it is necessary to integrate morals into management and practice. The role of virtues in your company is to direct and motivate employee behavior toward the success of your company. A set of virtues exists that fit reality and most likely to lead to success and happiness in a business. Ayn Rand’s Objectivist ethics specifically recognizes production as the central human value. The personal virtues that she advocates have a direct bearing on work: rationality, honesty, justice, integrity, productiveness, and pride. These virtues are used as guides in a business career and in the business management. They define the excellent manager or other employee and provide the principles that a company should adopt with respect to investors, employees, customers, or vendors. Virtue theory is concerned with the cultivation of character and provides a framework which a person can lead a flourishing, happy life. Moral growth comes from choice rather than from conformity to rules or codes. For example, traditional approaches like Consequentialism are viewed as constraining, because they focus on the rules that tell people how they should act, and nothing more. Utilitarianism concentrates on developing the principles instead of developing the character. Virtue theory provides a context in which strategies, plans, tactics, policies, and procedures are developed to attain a company stated mission and other relevant values. Virtuous employees experience the internal rewards of pride, self-esteem, and the joy of knowing that they did their jobs well. The achievement of a company’s mission, purpose, or ultimate end requires virtuous action on the part of the company’s employees. The ultimate value for a business is financial value. The purpose of a business is to maximize owner value over the length of the company. Virtuous behavior is required at all levels of a company from employees who realize that business is a natural and moral means by which they can satisfy their personal needs and attain their success as individual human beings. A virtuous employee begins by understanding what the facts are and does not evade the distinction between the real and the unreal. For making business decisions, an employee needs to use his reason to make rational, logical decisions based on the facts of reality. Much of morality in business falls under the virtue of honesty. Honesty means being in reality. Honesty is basic to the structure of human relationships. Dishonesty is self-defeating, because it involves being in conflict with realty. Morality in business involves objectively recognizing and dealing with customers, employees, creditors, stockholders, and others as autonomous rational individuals with their particular goals and desires. Honesty is closely related to the virtue of justice. Justice, a form of faithfulness to reality, is the virtue of granting to each person that which each person deserves. Justice is the expression of man’s rationality in his dealings with other men and involves seeking and granting what they have earned. For example, a virtuous manager must make sure that customers get what they pay for. In addition, he needs to identify employees for what they accomplish and treat them accordingly. Employees should be objectively appraised and compensated based on their contribution toward achieving a company’s mission, values, or goals. A virtuous manager discriminates among all those that he deals with such as customers, distributors, suppliers, and workers based on relevant qualities and personal merits such as ability, competency, performance, and character. He does not improperly discriminate based on irrelevant characteristics such as sex, race, or nationality. In summary, when you are using the moral objectivists values-based on virtues for your software company, you will never have to worry about being bailed on Wall Street like Morgan Stanley, Goldman Sachs, JP Morgan Chase, Bank of America, GM or Chrysler Corporation. Since we know that greed and dishonesty were major vices that heavily contributed to this financial mess, we can confidently move forward as a software company knowing that our moral code in place would never allow that to happen.

Dickens Ideas On Gentility As Shown Through Great Expectations :: Great Expectations Essays

Dickens criticized the world of his own time because it valued the status of being a gentleman over someone doing a useful job. Those who thought they were gentlemen often mocked ordinary citizens. Show how he achieved these aims through the language used and his description of the way Pip and the other characters behaved in the novel. In his numerous literary works, Dickens strong sense of right and wrong, and his recognition of the many injustices present in Victorian Society are clearly displayed. There is no better an example of these strong set of ideals then those portrayed in his novel, Great Expectations, which tells the story of Pip, a young boy who is initially fooled into believing that material wealth is a substitute for the real moral values a gentleman should posses. However, through the many trials and tribulations he is forced to go through, he is finally able to identify what it means to be a "true gentleman", one that has acquired true wealth and value. It is only then that he is able to see the real meaning behind Matthew Pocket’s wise words, that: "No man was not a true gentleman at heart, ever was since the world began, a true gentleman in manner." (page 175) In Dickens novel, society’s idea of a gentleman is perceived as someone of great affluence and breeding, who did not necessarily posses the moral values and graces a true gentleman should have. After his initial visit to Satis House, Pip was infatuated by Estella’s beauty, wealth, and self importance. He allowed himself to be degraded by her scornful references to his "coarse hands", and "thick boots", not realizing at this point that these factors are unimportant on the route to becoming a true gentleman. At that very moment, he deludes himself into believing that if he were to meet Estella’s interpretations of gentlemanly conduct, that she would regard him as her equal. Unfortunately, he completely fails to recognize the true moral values present in Joe and Biddy, and is attracted instead by a fantasized version of Miss Havisham’s and Estella’s lifestyles. He sees his visit to Satis House as the first link in the long chain of events which will lead to his eventually becoming a gentleman. Dickens leaves the reader with no doubt that position and rank were major contributory factors as to how a person was regarded in Victorian society.

Contraceptives in School Essay

During the past decade, there have been stark generational differences in terms of moral and social norms. In order to accommodate for these changes, society has had to make difficult decisions regarding the protection of todays youth. One of the biggest controversies that have been ongoing deals with the gray area regarding the roles of educators and parents. School systems today are distributing condoms and contraceptives to students as young as 11 years old with the intention of preventing their students from suffering from the negative side effects of sex. From an ducator’s perspective, the distribution of condoms has become a necessity due to the overwhelming lack of morals instilled in the youth at the fault of their parents. They also argue that it encourages safety and that it is completely foolish to assume that abstinence is always practiced. On the contrary, conservatives will argue that condoms promote sex and their distribution will show minors that sex at a young age is socially acceptable. Conservatives’ opinions are naive because they blatantly condone the fact that standards and practices have changed dramatically over time. The rising issue of under aged sex has made the distribution of condoms a necessity in order to combat the negative ramifications of the decisions made by todays uneducated youth. A misconception that is widely believed is that passing out condoms in schools will influence or pressure teens to have sex. According to Dr. Kevin J. Minch, if young people believe they will be â€Å"safe† when using a condom they are much less likely to be deterred from engaging in dangerous and immoral behavior (Minch). The conservatives believe that with the introduction of condoms at an early age, this would lead to the unnecessary exposure of the youth to a concept hat should only be tackled by legal adults. It allows them to stray into the obscure world they are not yet ready for. Widespread condom distribution will establish sexual activity as the norm among young teens, creating peer pressure to participate in sex. The added temptation to engage in sexual activity is â€Å"protected† will result in more women having sex at a younger age, perhaps furthering their exploitation. Minch) Sex is a topic that should be addressed at the discretion of each parent and the fact is that educators are slowly taking over the responsibilities of the parent. The opposition would argue that parents of every ethnicity and background have spent years of their life attempting to instill solid morals and values to their children. It is understandable how a parent would feel for a high school teacher to pass out condoms to students at such a young age. Education systems are making the decision on what they think is best for the child rather than having the parents deciding the verdict on this issue. It is said that teenagers who have a good relationship with their parents are less likely to experience a pregnancy and the harsh consequences from unprotected sex. Good communication between parents nd children helps ensure that children make the right decisions when it comes to their sexual activity. However, as seen by the statistics, the amount of parental involvement in the lives of teens today is limited. Educators are simply picking up the slack since some parents do not educate their children on the simple right and wrongs like previous generations were taught. In addition to educators programs that educate our youth and that taxpayers should not fund these programs. â€Å"Is it really the responsibility of hardworking taxpayers to pay for the use of protection for irresponsible teens? I certainly do not think so† (Cook). Educators do not need to sanction the idea of a sexually active lifestyle; however they should hearten all young teenagers to make Judicious decisions when it comes to being sexually active. In this case, schools provide their sex-education classes and many prefer it stayed Just that, that it is not fit to provide a basket of condoms upon the exiting of a classroom. What the conservatives fail to do is look at the logical perspective and to take into account the statistics and reality of todays youth. What needs to be widely noticed is that the United States has the highest rates of teen pregnancy and births. It is fact that that the teen pregnancies in our nation cost the United States at least 7 billion dollars each year. For the fiscal year of 2006 the federal government spent over 38 billion dollars to support families that began with a birth from a teenage mother. Nearly eight billion dollars is spent each year to diagnose and treat sexually transmitted diseases. Either the money paid towards taxes can contribute to pregnancies and their after effects, or the money can be well Prevention is much more important when all the facts are spent on prevention. displayed. Every year, around 750,000 teenagers will get pregnant. As a result, more than two thirds of teenagers who give birth will drop out of school, thus leading to an uneducated and difficult future. Teenage mothers and their children are more likely than others to be placed in the poverty bracket; therefore billions of dollars are spent taking care of them. Teen pregnancies are seen as a disadvantage in todays society due to the fact that many children born to teenage mothers tend to have a low birth rate. In addition to this, children born to teenage mothers are said to do poorly in school as they age and are more suceptible to abuse and neglect. The ruth is that the Centers of Disease Control reports nineteen million new STDs each year and approximately half of these reports are from our youth. One in four sexually active teenagers become infected with a sexually transmitted disease every year, which includes but is not limited to Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Genital Warts, and Herpes. (The Alan Guttmacher Institute). Another mind wrenching fact coming from the American Social Health Association is that of nine million new STD cases in the year 2000, ninety percent was accounted for by HIV and HPV (Human Papillomavirus) in ages fifteen to twenty-four years of age. Chesson HW, Blandford JM, Gift TL, Tao G, Irwin KL. According to an educator working out of a New York City public high school, the idea of distributing condoms has her approval. â€Å"If I could, I would give out condoms in my classroom. I think we should make it as easy as possible for teens to access condoms. † This statement could cause an upheaval of opinion, but this teacher is looking out for the welfare of her students. High school students’ main focus should be education, goal setting, and discover ing their own individuality. These teenagers should live an energetic and active life without worrying about remarital sex. Even though this is true, it has been proven that over 50% of teenagers have had sexual intercourse before graduating High School. So what is to come of this? Considering a high percentage of high school students are in fact having sex, there are outstanding statistics proving many STDs and teenage with the prevention classes and protection. When students are provided with condoms, it at least gives them the opportunity to be responsible with such an irresponsible act. Condoms are proven not to be 100% effective protecting against pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. However they have and will cut the odds by a landslide. Their distribution could have a significant impact on many lives by protecting them from diseases and unforeseen pregnancies that can end a young mother’s future. The best defense against STD’s and under aged pregnancies is simply knowledge and protection. Frequently, parents are too embarrassed to approach their child about any type of sexual activity. For this reason students are left uniformed and in harms way. A catastrophe will take place if sex education and protection are taken away from the students today. Parents need to be active and not permit sexual activity and disregard its existence. Often our society does not recognize these situations. Regardless of the parents’ opinions of moral and religious rights, someone has to protect the youth considering abstinence is not a sure avenue for these children. This is why our education systems have, and need to continue doing so, taken a step forth to protect our nation’s future.